Some prescriptions and over-the-counter medicines are applied topically, which means to the skin. Most people don't think twice about applying medicine creams, lotions, ointments, sprays, or patches to their skin. However, the medicines in these products can have serious side effects if used incorrectly.

Although harm does not happen often, when using topical medicines, be sure to follow the directions. If the medicine is OTC, heed any warnings found on the Drug Facts label.

Here are the top ten tips to follow when using topical medicines.

1. Don’t apply topical pain relievers onto damaged or irritated skin, unless specifically told to do so by your doctor.
2. Don't apply bandages to the area where you've applied a topical muscle and joint pain medicine.
3. Don't apply heat (e.g., heating pad, hot water bottle) to the area. Doing so increases the risk of serious burns and causes the medicine to be absorbed too quickly.
   
4. Don't apply plastic wrap over any of these products, unless told to do so by your doctor, as this also increases heat and drug absorption.
   
5. Don't allow these products to come in contact with the eyes and mucous membranes such as the skin inside your nose or mouth.
   
6. It's normal for products used to treat muscle pain to produce a warming or cooling sensation where applied. But if you feel actual pain after applying them, look for signs of blistering or burning. If you see any of these signs, stop using the product and seek medical attention.
7. Use the medicine exactly as stated on the label, or exactly as your doctor told you. Don't use more medicine than prescribed. Do not use it more often or longer than recommended.
8. Apply creams, ointments, gels, and sprays sparingly and only on the areas needed, not all over your body. More medicine can be absorbed from around skin areas that rub together, like under the breasts or between the buttocks, so apply very sparingly to these areas.
9. Since some cosmetic procedures may be performed without a medical doctor present (e.g., laser hair removal), consider having a pharmacist or doctor first review any creams or ointments you are instructed to apply to the skin.
10. Talk to a pharmacist when buying prescription and OTC creams, ointments, sprays, gels, and patches, so you use the products safely. Learn what the side effects are and what to do if you experience them.